Sitagliptin/metformin

Definition

Sitagliptin/metformin is a combination medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It helps control blood sugar levels by combining the effects of sitagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, and metformin, a biguanide.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Sitagliptin works by inhibiting the enzyme DPP-4, which increases incretin levels and helps regulate insulin production.
2. Metformin decreases glucose production in the liver and improves insulin sensitivity.
3. The combination is often prescribed when single medications are inadequate for controlling blood sugar levels.
4. Common side effects include gastrointestinal issues like nausea and diarrhea.
5. It is not suitable for patients with severe kidney disease or metabolic acidosis.

Review Questions

• What are the primary mechanisms of action for sitagliptin and metformin?
• Why might a physician prescribe a combination of sitagliptin/metformin over individual agents?
• What are common side effects associated with the use of sitagliptin/metformin?

Related terms

DPP-4 Inhibitors: A class of oral antidiabetic drugs that work by inhibiting the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4.

Biguanides: A class of drugs that reduce glucose production in the liver and improve insulin sensitivity.

Incretins: Hormones that increase insulin release from pancreatic beta cells in response to meals.