Second-generation sulfonylureas

Definition

Second-generation sulfonylureas are oral antidiabetic medications that stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. They are used to manage blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Second-generation sulfonylureas have a stronger potency and longer duration of action compared to first-generation sulfonylureas.
2. Common examples include glipizide, glyburide, and glimepiride.
3. They can cause hypoglycemia, particularly in elderly patients or those with renal impairment.
4. These drugs work by binding to specific receptors on pancreatic beta cells, leading to increased insulin release.
5. They are usually taken once or twice daily before meals.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action for second-generation sulfonylureas?
• List three common second-generation sulfonylureas.
• What is a significant side effect associated with second-generation sulfonylureas?

Related terms

First-generation sulfonylureas: Older class of sulfonylurea drugs less potent and shorter-acting than second-generation.

Biguanides: Class of oral antidiabetic drugs that decrease hepatic glucose production and increase insulin sensitivity.

Meglitinides: Oral antidiabetic medications that stimulate rapid but short-lived insulin secretion from the pancreas.