Pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

Definition

Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are a group of non-invasive tests that measure how well the lungs are working. They assess lung volume, capacity, rates of flow, and gas exchange.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. PFTs are essential in diagnosing respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and restrictive lung disease.
2. Spirometry is the most common type of PFT, measuring the amount and speed of air a person can inhale and exhale.
3. Diffusion capacity tests evaluate how well gases like oxygen move from the lungs to the bloodstream.
4. Body plethysmography measures lung volume by assessing changes in pressure within a closed chamber.
5. PFT results can guide treatment decisions, including the use of medications like bronchodilators and corticosteroids.

Review Questions

• What are the primary purposes of pulmonary function tests?
• Which PFT measures the amount and speed of air inhaled and exhaled?
• How can PFT results influence treatment plans for respiratory conditions?

Related terms

Spirometry: A type of PFT that measures lung function specifically related to the volume and speed of air inhaled and exhaled.

Bronchodilator: A medication that relaxes muscle bands that tighten around airways.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs.