Pulmonary embolism (PE)

Definition

A pulmonary embolism (PE) is a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in the lungs, usually caused by blood clots that travel to the lungs from the legs or other parts of the body. This condition can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Pulmonary embolism often results from deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
2. Symptoms of PE include shortness of breath, chest pain, and coughing up blood.
3. Anticoagulant drugs such as heparin and warfarin are commonly used to treat and prevent PE.
4. Diagnosis may involve D-dimer tests, CT pulmonary angiography, and ultrasound imaging.
5. Risk factors for PE include prolonged immobility, surgery, trauma, cancer, and certain genetic conditions.

Review Questions

• What are common symptoms indicating a potential pulmonary embolism?
• Which anticoagulant drugs are typically used to manage pulmonary embolism?
• How is a pulmonary embolism diagnosed?

Related terms

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): A condition where blood clots form in deep veins, often in the legs.

Anticoagulants: Medications that help prevent blood clots from forming or growing.

Thrombolytic Therapy: Treatment involving drugs that dissolve blood clots.