Proton pump inhibitor

Definition

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a class of medications that reduce stomach acid production by blocking the enzyme in the stomach wall that produces acid. They are commonly used to treat conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), ulcers, and hyperacidity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. PPIs work by irreversibly inhibiting the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme, also known as the gastric proton pump.
2. Common PPIs include omeprazole, esomeprazole, and lansoprazole.
3. They are typically more effective than histamine-2 receptor antagonists for reducing stomach acid.
4. Long-term use of PPIs can lead to potential side effects such as nutrient deficiencies and increased risk of infections.
5. PPIs should be taken before meals for optimal effectiveness.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action for proton pump inhibitors?
• Name three common conditions that proton pump inhibitors are used to treat.
• What are some potential risks associated with long-term use of PPIs?

Related terms

Histamine Blockers: Medications that reduce stomach acid by blocking histamine receptors on acid-producing cells.

Antipsychotics: Drugs used to manage psychosis, including delusions and hallucinations, often seen in disorders like schizophrenia.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): A chronic digestive disorder where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation.