Protamine

Definition

Protamine is a medication used to reverse the effects of heparin, an anticoagulant. It binds to heparin to form a stable complex that neutralizes its anticoagulant activity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Protamine is derived from fish sperm or testes and is highly basic.
2. It is administered intravenously and acts rapidly within 5 minutes.
3. The dose of protamine needed depends on the amount of heparin administered and the time elapsed since the last heparin dose.
4. Protamine can cause allergic reactions, especially in patients with fish allergies or prior exposure to protamine-containing insulin.
5. Overdose of protamine itself can lead to anticoagulation, paradoxically increasing bleeding risk.

Review Questions

• What is the primary use of protamine in clinical settings?
• How soon does protamine start working after intravenous administration?
• What are some potential adverse reactions associated with protamine?

Related terms

Heparin: An anticoagulant that prevents blood clot formation by inhibiting thrombin and factor Xa.

Warfarin: An oral anticoagulant that inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors.

Thrombolytic Drugs: Medications that dissolve blood clots by breaking down fibrin, such as alteplase.