Osmotic equilibrium

Definition

Osmotic equilibrium occurs when the concentration of solutes is equal on both sides of a semi-permeable membrane, resulting in no net movement of water. This state is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Osmotic equilibrium ensures that cells neither swell nor shrink, maintaining their structural integrity.
2. It is achieved through the selective permeability of cell membranes and the balance of osmolarity inside and outside the cell.
3. Disruptions in osmotic equilibrium can lead to conditions such as edema or dehydration in tissues.
4. Pharmacological agents can influence osmotic balance by altering solute concentrations in body fluids.
5. The kidneys play a key role in regulating osmotic equilibrium by filtering blood and adjusting urine concentration.

Review Questions

• What happens to cells if osmotic equilibrium is disrupted?
• How do pharmacological agents affect osmotic balance in the body?
• Why is osmotic equilibrium important for maintaining cellular homeostasis?

Related terms

Homeostasis: The body's process of maintaining a stable internal environment.

Osmosis: The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

Semi-Permeable Membrane: A membrane that allows certain molecules or ions to pass through it by diffusion and occasionally specialized processes.