Metolazone

Definition

Metolazone is a thiazide-like diuretic used to reduce fluid buildup in patients with heart failure and hypertension. It works by inhibiting sodium reabsorption at the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Metolazone is effective even in patients with reduced kidney function, unlike many other thiazides.
2. It is often used in combination with loop diuretics for synergistic effects.
3. Common side effects include electrolyte imbalances such as hypokalemia and hyponatremia.
4. Metolazone can cause orthostatic hypotension, so patients should be monitored for dizziness and falls.
5. The drug may increase blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels, indicating a need for renal function monitoring.

Review Questions

• Why is Metolazone preferred over other thiazide diuretics in patients with reduced kidney function?
• What are the common electrolyte imbalances associated with Metolazone use?
• How does Metolazone enhance the effect of loop diuretics?

Related terms

Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic commonly used to treat high blood pressure and edema.

Furosemide: A loop diuretic often used to treat fluid retention in conditions like heart failure.

Hypokalemia: A condition characterized by low potassium levels in the blood, often a side effect of diuretics.