Macrodantin

Definition

Macrodantin, also known as nitrofurantoin, is an antibiotic specifically used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs). It works by inhibiting bacterial enzymes and cell wall synthesis, thereby preventing bacterial growth.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Macrodantin is primarily effective against gram-negative and some gram-positive bacteria causing UTIs.
2. It is typically taken orally in capsule form and should be taken with food to enhance absorption and reduce side effects.
3. Common side effects include nausea, headache, and diarrhea; serious side effects can include lung or liver issues.
4. It is contraindicated in patients with significantly impaired renal function due to decreased drug clearance.
5. Macrodantin should not be used during the last trimester of pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus.

Review Questions

• What types of bacteria is Macrodantin most effective against?
• Why should Macrodantin be taken with food?
• What are some common side effects associated with Macrodantin?

Related terms

Nitrofurantoin: An antibiotic commonly used for the treatment of urinary tract infections.

Gram-negative bacteria: A group of bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method.

Renal function: The ability of the kidneys to filter blood and produce urine.