Ketoacidosis

Definition

Ketoacidosis is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when your body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones. It develops when the body starts breaking down fats at an accelerated rate due to insufficient insulin.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ketoacidosis is more common in Type 1 diabetes but can occur in Type 2 diabetes under certain conditions.
2. Symptoms include excessive thirst, frequent urination, nausea, abdominal pain, weakness, and confusion.
3. Blood tests for ketoacidosis show elevated blood glucose levels and high ketone levels in the urine or blood.
4. It constitutes a medical emergency requiring immediate treatment often involving IV fluids, electrolytes, and insulin therapy.
5. If left untreated, ketoacidosis can lead to diabetic coma or death.

Review Questions

• What are the primary symptoms of ketoacidosis?
• Why is ketoacidosis considered a medical emergency?
• How does insufficient insulin contribute to the development of ketoacidosis?

Related terms

Ketones: By-products of fat breakdown that accumulate in the blood during ketosis or ketoacidosis.

Hyperglycemia: A condition characterized by an excessive amount of glucose in the bloodstream, often associated with diabetes.

Insulin Therapy: The use of insulin injections to control blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes.