Iodine

Definition

Iodine is an essential trace element crucial for the synthesis of thyroid hormones T3 and T4. It plays a key role in regulating metabolism, growth, and development.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Iodine deficiency can lead to goiter and hypothyroidism.
2. Radioactive iodine (I-131) is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer.
3. Dietary sources of iodine include iodized salt, seafood, and dairy products.
4. Excessive iodine intake can cause thyrotoxicosis or hyperthyroidism.
5. Lugol's solution and potassium iodide are forms of iodine used as preoperative preparation for thyroid surgery.

Review Questions

• What are the consequences of iodine deficiency on thyroid function?
• How is radioactive iodine (I-131) utilized in clinical treatments?
• Name two forms of iodine used preoperatively for thyroid surgery.

Related terms

Thyroxine (T4): A hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism.

Triiodothyronine (T3): A more potent thyroid hormone derived from T4.

Goiter: An enlargement of the thyroid gland often caused by iodine deficiency.