Injectable anticoagulant medications

Definition

Injectable anticoagulant medications are drugs administered via injection to prevent blood clot formation. They are commonly used in conditions like deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and during surgeries to reduce the risk of clots.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) are the most common types of injectable anticoagulants.
2. These medications work by inhibiting factors in the coagulation cascade, primarily thrombin and factor Xa.
3. Heparin requires frequent monitoring of aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) levels due to its variable dose-response relationship.
4. Low-molecular-weight heparins have a more predictable pharmacokinetic profile and often do not require routine monitoring.
5. Protamine sulfate is an antidote for heparin overdose, neutralizing its anticoagulant effects.

Review Questions

• What are two common types of injectable anticoagulants?
• Why is frequent monitoring required for patients on heparin?
• What is the antidote for heparin overdose?

Related terms

Heparin: An injectable anticoagulant that inhibits thrombin and factor Xa, used for rapid anticoagulation.

Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin (LMWH): A class of anticoagulants with a more predictable effect and less frequent monitoring requirements compared to unfractionated heparin.

aPTT (Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time): A lab test used to monitor the effectiveness of heparin therapy by measuring how long it takes blood to clot.