Hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate

Definition

Hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate are medications used in combination to manage heart failure by reducing the workload on the heart. Hydralazine acts as a vasodilator, while isosorbide dinitrate helps to dilate veins and arteries.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate are often used together for patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors or ARBs.
2. The combination is particularly effective in African American patients with heart failure.
3. Hydralazine works by directly relaxing arteriolar smooth muscle, which lowers blood pressure.
4. Isosorbide dinitrate is a nitrate that helps to reduce preload by dilating veins and improving oxygen supply to the heart.
5. Common side effects include headaches, dizziness, and hypotension.

Review Questions

• Why might hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate be prescribed together?
• What specific patient population benefits significantly from this combination?
• What are common side effects of hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate?

Related terms

ACE inhibitors: A class of drugs that relaxes blood vessels and reduces blood pressure, often used in treating heart failure.

ARBs (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers): Medications that block the action of angiotensin II, helping to relax blood vessels.

Vasodilators: Medications that cause dilation of blood vessels, decreasing resistance and lowering blood pressure.