Hemolytic reactions

Definition

Hemolytic reactions are adverse responses where the immune system attacks and destroys transfused red blood cells. These reactions can occur during or after a blood transfusion.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Hemolytic reactions are often caused by ABO or Rh incompatibility between donor and recipient blood.
2. Symptoms of hemolytic reactions include fever, chills, lower back pain, dark urine, and jaundice.
3. Immediate intervention for a hemolytic reaction includes stopping the transfusion and administering supportive care such as IV fluids and medications to stabilize the patient.
4. Laboratory tests can confirm a hemolytic reaction by identifying free hemoglobin in the blood or urine.
5. Preventive measures include thorough blood typing and cross-matching before transfusions.

Review Questions

• What are common symptoms of a hemolytic reaction?
• How can hemolytic reactions be prevented during blood transfusions?
• What immediate steps should be taken if a hemolytic reaction is suspected?

Related terms

ABO Incompatibility: A condition where mismatched blood types lead to an immune response against the transfused red blood cells.

Cross-Matching: A laboratory test that ensures compatibility between donor and recipient blood before transfusion.

Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN): The intravenous administration of nutrients when oral or enteral feeding is not possible.