Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Definition

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a peptide hormone responsible for the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. It plays a critical role in regulating reproductive function.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. GnRH is synthesized and released from neurons in the hypothalamus.
2. The secretion of GnRH is pulsatile, meaning it occurs in bursts rather than a steady flow.
3. GnRH acts on the anterior pituitary gland to stimulate the release of FSH and LH, which are crucial for ovulation and menstrual cycle regulation.
4. Synthetic GnRH and its analogs are used in clinical settings to treat conditions like endometriosis, fibroids, and prostate cancer.
5. Disruption in GnRH secretion can lead to reproductive issues such as amenorrhea or infertility.

Review Questions

• What role does GnRH play in the regulation of female reproductive hormones?
• How does pulsatile secretion affect the function of GnRH?
• What are some clinical applications of synthetic GnRH analogs?

Related terms

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): A hormone released by the anterior pituitary that stimulates ovarian follicle development.

Luteinizing Hormone (LH): A hormone released by the anterior pituitary that triggers ovulation and corpus luteum formation.

Anterior Pituitary Gland: A part of the brain that releases hormones such as FSH and LH under the influence of GnRH.