Ergot alkaloids

Definition

Ergot alkaloids are a group of compounds derived from the ergot fungus, used primarily to treat migraine headaches by constricting blood vessels and reducing inflammation. They interact with serotonin receptors in the brain to alleviate symptoms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ergot alkaloids can cause vasoconstriction, which helps reduce the dilation of blood vessels associated with migraines.
2. Common ergot alkaloids include ergotamine and dihydroergotamine, often used in acute migraine treatment.
3. They must be used cautiously due to their potential side effects, including nausea, vomiting, and in severe cases, ergotism (a condition caused by long-term ergot poisoning).
4. Ergot alkaloids are contraindicated in patients with cardiovascular diseases due to their vasoconstrictive properties.
5. These drugs can interact with other medications like triptans and certain antibiotics, leading to increased risk of severe side effects.

Review Questions

• How do ergot alkaloids help alleviate migraine symptoms?
• What are some common side effects associated with the use of ergot alkaloids?
• Why should patients with cardiovascular diseases avoid using ergot alkaloids?

Related terms

Migraine: A type of headache characterized by severe pain, often accompanied by nausea and sensitivity to light or sound.

Triptans: A class of drugs also used to treat migraines by stimulating serotonin receptors to constrict blood vessels.

Serotonin Receptors: Receptors in the brain that play a role in regulating mood, pain perception, and vascular tone.