Dapagliflozin

Definition

Dapagliflozin is an oral antidiabetic medication that inhibits the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys, leading to increased excretion of glucose in the urine. It is used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes and has additional benefits for heart failure patients.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Dapagliflozin reduces blood glucose levels by preventing reabsorption of glucose from the renal tubules.
2. It has been shown to lower HbA1c levels and promote weight loss.
3. Common side effects include urinary tract infections and genital mycotic infections.
4. Dapagliflozin can reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes.
5. It is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment or those on dialysis.

Review Questions

• How does dapagliflozin help control blood sugar levels?
• What are common side effects associated with dapagliflozin?
• In what patient population is dapagliflozin contraindicated?

Related terms

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2): A protein involved in glucose reabsorption in the kidneys.

HbA1c: A measure of average blood glucose levels over the past two to three months.

Heart Failure: A chronic condition where the heart cannot pump blood effectively.