Cytochrome P450 2D6

Definition

Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) is an enzyme that metabolizes approximately 25% of commonly prescribed drugs, including many opioid agonists and antagonists. Its activity can vary widely among individuals due to genetic polymorphisms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. CYP2D6 is responsible for the metabolism of codeine into its active form, morphine.
2. Genetic polymorphisms in CYP2D6 can classify individuals as poor, intermediate, extensive, or ultra-rapid metabolizers.
3. Ultra-rapid metabolizers may experience exaggerated effects from standard doses of opioids like codeine.
4. Poor metabolizers may require alternative pain management strategies due to insufficient drug activation.
5. Drug interactions involving CYP2D6 inhibitors can reduce the effectiveness of opioids metabolized by this enzyme.

Review Questions

• What role does CYP2D6 play in the metabolism of opioid drugs?
• How do genetic polymorphisms affect a patient's response to drugs metabolized by CYP2D6?
• Why might a poor metabolizer of CYP2D6 require alternative pain management options?

Related terms

Opioid Agonist: A drug that activates opioid receptors to produce analgesic effects.

Opioid Antagonist: A drug that blocks opioid receptors and counteracts the effects of opioid agonists.

Pharmacogenetics: The study of how genetic differences affect individual responses to drugs.