COX-2 inhibitors

Definition

COX-2 inhibitors are a class of drugs that selectively inhibit the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which plays a key role in inflammation and pain. They are used to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain without affecting COX-1, an enzyme that protects the stomach lining.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. COX-2 inhibitors specifically target the COX-2 enzyme, reducing pain and inflammation.
2. They are often prescribed for conditions like arthritis and acute pain.
3. Unlike traditional NSAIDs, COX-2 inhibitors do not significantly affect COX-1, thus minimizing gastrointestinal side effects.
4. Celecoxib is a well-known example of a COX-2 inhibitor.
5. Potential risks include cardiovascular events such as heart attack or stroke.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of COX-2 inhibitors?
• Name one common condition that COX-2 inhibitors are used to treat.
• Why do COX-2 inhibitors have fewer gastrointestinal side effects compared to traditional NSAIDs?

Related terms

NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that reduce inflammation and pain by inhibiting both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.

Cyclooxygenase (COX): An enzyme responsible for the formation of prostanoids, including prostaglandins, which mediate inflammation and pain.

Prostaglandins: Lipid compounds that perform hormone-like functions, including mediating inflammatory responses.