Clopidogrel

Definition

Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication that inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking the P2Y12 ADP receptor on platelets. It is commonly used to prevent cardiovascular events such as stroke and heart attack in patients at risk.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Clopidogrel is often prescribed to patients who have experienced a recent myocardial infarction, stroke, or have established peripheral arterial disease.
2. The typical dosage of Clopidogrel for adults is 75 mg once daily, with or without food.
3. Common side effects include bleeding, bruising, and gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea and abdominal pain.
4. Clopidogrel is a prodrug that requires hepatic metabolism via cytochrome P450 enzymes (primarily CYP2C19) to produce its active metabolite.
5. Patients with genetic variations in the CYP2C19 gene may have reduced efficacy of Clopidogrel and may require alternative therapies.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action of Clopidogrel?
• In which clinical scenarios is Clopidogrel commonly prescribed?
• Why might genetic testing be relevant for patients prescribed Clopidogrel?

Related terms

Aspirin: An antiplatelet agent that inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), reducing thromboxane A2 production.

Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts as a vitamin K antagonist, inhibiting clotting factor synthesis.

Heparin: An anticoagulant that activates antithrombin III, leading to the inhibition of thrombin and factor Xa.