Cimetidine

Definition

Cimetidine is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist used to reduce stomach acid production. It is commonly prescribed for treating and preventing ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cimetidine works by blocking histamine receptors in the stomach lining, thereby decreasing acid secretion.
2. It is primarily metabolized in the liver and can interact with other drugs metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system.
3. Common side effects include headache, dizziness, and gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea or constipation.
4. Cimetidine may cause gynecomastia (breast enlargement) in men when used at high doses or over long periods.
5. Patients with renal impairment may require dose adjustments due to decreased excretion of the drug.

Review Questions

• What mechanism does Cimetidine use to reduce stomach acid production?
• Name two potential side effects of Cimetidine.
• Why might a patient with renal impairment need a dose adjustment when taking Cimetidine?

Related terms

Histamine H2-Receptor Antagonist: A class of drugs that block histamine receptors in the stomach to reduce acid secretion.

Proton-Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): Medications that irreversibly inhibit the enzyme responsible for secreting gastric acid.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): A chronic condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation.