Chlorothiazide

Definition

Chlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic used to treat hypertension and fluid retention (edema). It works by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chlorothiazide is often used in the management of mild to moderate heart failure.
2. It can cause electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia (low potassium levels).
3. Chlorothiazide increases urine output, which helps reduce blood volume and blood pressure.
4. It is taken orally or administered intravenously, depending on the clinical scenario.
5. Patients taking chlorothiazide should have their electrolyte levels regularly monitored.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action for chlorothiazide?
• Why might a patient with heart failure be prescribed chlorothiazide?
• What are common side effects associated with chlorothiazide?

Related terms

Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic similar to chlorothiazide but more potent.

Furosemide: A loop diuretic that works on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.

Spironolactone: A potassium-sparing diuretic that antagonizes aldosterone in the distal nephron.