Antiparasitic drugs

Definition

Antiparasitic drugs are medications designed to treat infections caused by parasites, including protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites. These drugs work by killing or inhibiting the growth and reproduction of the parasitic organisms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Antiparasitic drugs can be classified into different types based on the type of organism they target: antiprotozoal, antihelminthic, and ectoparasiticides.
2. Common antiparasitic drugs include metronidazole for protozoal infections and albendazole for helminthic infections.
3. Mechanisms of action vary; some antiparasitics inhibit DNA synthesis while others interfere with metabolic processes specific to parasites.
4. Side effects of antiparasitic drugs can range from mild gastrointestinal discomfort to severe neurological symptoms depending on the drug and dosage.
5. Resistance to antiparasitic drugs is an emerging issue, necessitating combination therapies or the development of new medications.

Review Questions

• What are the three main types of organisms targeted by antiparasitic drugs?
• Name two common antiparasitic drugs and their primary uses.
• Why is resistance to antiparasitic drugs a growing concern in pharmacology?

Related terms

Antiprotozoal Drugs: Medications used specifically to treat infections caused by protozoa.

Antihelminthic Drugs: Drugs used to treat infections caused by helminths (parasitic worms).

Ectoparasiticides: Substances used to kill ectoparasites such as lice and mites that live on the surface of the host.