Citric Acid Cycle: Also known as the Krebs cycle, the citric acid cycle is a series of chemical reactions that occur in the mitochondria of cells, converting acetyl-CoA derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into carbon dioxide, while generating ATP and reducing cofactors for the electron transport chain.
Malate Dehydrogenase: An enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of malate and oxaloacetate, another important step in the citric acid cycle.
Oxidative Phosphorylation: The process by which ATP is generated through the transfer of electrons down the electron transport chain, powered by the proton gradient established by the citric acid cycle.