Soma

Definition

Soma is the cell body of a neuron, containing the nucleus and responsible for maintaining the cell’s health. It plays a crucial role in processing nutrients and maintaining neuronal function.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The soma integrates synaptic inputs from other neurons and generates action potentials.
2. It contains essential organelles like mitochondria, ribosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum which are necessary for metabolic activities.
3. Proper nutrition is vital for soma health, as deficiencies can impair neuronal function and lead to neurological disorders.
4. Somas are found in both the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).
5. Nutritional elements such as omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants support soma health by protecting against oxidative stress.

Review Questions

• What role does the soma play in neuron functionality?
• How does proper nutrition affect the health of the soma?
• Which nutritional elements are particularly important for maintaining healthy somas?

Related terms

Dendrites: Branch-like extensions from the neuron soma that receive signals from other neurons.

Axon: A long projection from the neuron that transmits electrical impulses away from the soma.

Neurotransmitters:

Chemical messengers released by neurons to send signals across synapses to other neurons or cells.