Sickle cell disease (SCD)

Definition

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic blood disorder characterized by the production of abnormal hemoglobin, leading to distorted, sickle-shaped red blood cells. These misshapen cells can obstruct blood flow and lead to various complications, including pain and organ damage.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Proper nutrition for individuals with SCD includes adequate hydration to help prevent sickling crises.
2. Folic acid supplementation is crucial as it aids in the production of new red blood cells.
3. Iron overload can be a concern in SCD patients, especially those receiving frequent blood transfusions; monitoring iron levels is essential.
4. Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to reduce inflammation and may benefit individuals with SCD.
5. Patients with SCD often require higher caloric intake due to increased metabolic demands caused by chronic hemolysis.

Review Questions

• Why is folic acid supplementation important for individuals with sickle cell disease?
• What role does hydration play in the management of sickle cell disease?
• Why might iron overload be a concern for patients with sickle cell disease?

Related terms

Hemoglobin: A protein in red blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body.

Chronic hemolysis: The ongoing destruction of red blood cells, often seen in conditions like sickle cell disease.

Hydration status: The state of water balance in the body, crucial for maintaining cellular function and preventing complications in SCD.