Proton pump inhibitors

Definition

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a class of medications that reduce stomach acid production by blocking the enzyme in the stomach wall responsible for acid secretion. They are commonly used to treat conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), ulcers, and other digestive disorders.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. PPIs can lead to nutrient malabsorption, particularly Vitamin B12 and magnesium, which is crucial for neurological health.
2. Long-term use of PPIs has been associated with an increased risk of fractures due to impaired calcium absorption.
3. Patients on PPIs may experience altered gut microbiota, impacting overall gut health and potentially leading to infections like Clostridium difficile.
4. PPIs are often prescribed alongside NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) to prevent gastric ulcers in patients requiring long-term NSAID therapy.
5. Regular monitoring and periodic reevaluation of PPI therapy are recommended to minimize potential adverse effects, especially in elderly patients.

Review Questions

• What essential nutrients' absorption can be affected by prolonged PPI use?
• Why might long-term PPI use increase the risk of bone fractures?
• How do PPIs impact gut microbiota and what potential infections can arise from this alteration?

Related terms

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): A chronic digestive condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation.

Clostridium difficile: A bacterium that causes severe diarrhea and colitis, often linked to antibiotic use and disrupted gut flora.

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Medications commonly used to reduce inflammation and relieve pain but can cause gastrointestinal issues with long-term use.