Protein–calorie malnutrition

Definition

Protein–calorie malnutrition (PCM) is a condition where there is a deficiency of both protein and calories in the diet, leading to severe muscle wasting and weakened immunity. It can significantly impact overall health, including the respiratory system's function and efficiency.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. PCM can lead to diaphragmatic weakness, compromising respiratory muscle function.
2. Patients with PCM are at higher risk for pulmonary infections due to weakened immune responses.
3. In PCM, decreased levels of albumin can result in pulmonary edema, exacerbating respiratory issues.
4. Nutritional support is crucial for PCM patients to improve respiratory outcomes and reduce hospital stay duration.
5. Monitoring serum proteins like prealbumin and transferrin helps assess nutritional status and guide treatment.

Review Questions

• How does protein–calorie malnutrition affect diaphragmatic strength?
• Why are patients with PCM more susceptible to pulmonary infections?
• What role does albumin play in managing pulmonary complications in PCM?

Related terms

Diaphragmatic Weakness: Reduced strength of the diaphragm muscle, often observed in patients with malnutrition.

Pulmonary Edema: A condition characterized by excess fluid in the lungs, which can be worsened by low albumin levels.

Albumin: A protein made by the liver that helps maintain blood volume and pressure; its levels can indicate nutritional status.