Parkinson’s disease

Definition

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement and can cause tremors, stiffness, and difficulty with balance and coordination. It results from the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain's substantia nigra region.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Protein intake can interfere with the absorption of levodopa, a common medication used to treat Parkinson's disease.
2. A Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats may help manage Parkinson's symptoms and slow progression.
3. Patients with Parkinson’s disease often experience gastrointestinal issues such as constipation due to impaired autonomic nervous function.
4. Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) is common in Parkinson’s patients and requires careful dietary adjustments to prevent aspiration pneumonia.
5. Antioxidants found in foods like berries, nuts, and leafy greens may help protect against oxidative stress involved in Parkinson's disease.

Review Questions

• How does protein intake affect the absorption of levodopa in Parkinson’s patients?
• What type of diet is considered beneficial for managing symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?
• Why is dysphagia a concern for patients with Parkinson’s disease?

Related terms

Levodopa/Carbidopa: A combination medication commonly used to treat motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease by replenishing dopamine levels.

Dopamine: A neurotransmitter essential for coordinating smooth and balanced muscle movements; its deficiency is central to Parkinson’s disease.

Autonomic Nervous System: Part of the nervous system responsible for controlling involuntary bodily functions; often affected in Parkinson’s leading to gastrointestinal issues.