Mitochondrial function

Definition

Mitochondrial function refers to the processes by which mitochondria produce energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. It is crucial for maintaining cellular health and supporting physiological functions, especially in high-energy-demand tissues like the nervous system.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to several chronic neurological illnesses, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
2. Nutrients like Coenzyme Q10, omega-3 fatty acids, and B vitamins are essential for optimal mitochondrial function.
3. Oxidative stress can impair mitochondrial function, leading to neuronal damage.
4. Exercise and a balanced diet rich in antioxidants can support mitochondrial health.
5. Certain genetic mutations affecting mitochondrial DNA can predispose individuals to neurological disorders.

Review Questions

• What role do mitochondria play in energy production within cells?
• How does oxidative stress impact mitochondrial function and neurological health?
• What nutrients are essential for maintaining optimal mitochondrial function?

Related terms

Cellular Respiration: The metabolic process by which cells generate ATP from oxygen and glucose.

Oxidative Stress: An imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body, leading to cell damage.

Coenzyme Q10: A nutrient that helps generate energy in cells and acts as an antioxidant.