Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

Definition

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) are essential fats that the body cannot produce on its own and must be obtained through diet. They play a crucial role in brain development, function, and overall neurological health.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. LCPUFAs include omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, which are vital for maintaining brain structure and function.
2. DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) is an omega-3 LCPUFA critical for neuronal membrane fluidity and neurotransmission.
3. EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), another omega-3 LCPUFA, has anti-inflammatory properties that may protect against neurodegenerative diseases.
4. Arachidonic acid (AA) is an omega-6 LCPUFA involved in the inflammatory response and is important for brain growth during early development.
5. Dietary sources of LCPUFAs include oily fish, flaxseeds, walnuts, and certain algae.

Review Questions

• What are the primary types of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids important for neurological health?
• How do DHA and EPA contribute differently to brain function?
• Name two dietary sources rich in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Related terms

Omega-3 Fatty Acids: A type of polyunsaturated fat important for brain health, found in fish oil and some plant oils.

Omega-6 Fatty Acids: A type of polyunsaturated fat that supports cellular function but needs to be balanced with omega-3 intake.

Neurotransmission: The process by which signaling molecules are released by a neuron to communicate with another cell.