Hemoglobin A1C

Definition

Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) is a blood test that measures the average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose and monitor diabetes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Hemoglobin A1C reflects long-term glucose control by measuring the percentage of glycated hemoglobin in the blood.
2. A normal HbA1c level is below 5.7%, prediabetes ranges from 5.7% to 6.4%, and diabetes is diagnosed at 6.5% or higher.
3. Nutrition, particularly carbohydrate intake, significantly impacts HbA1c levels.
4. Monitoring HbA1c helps evaluate the effectiveness of dietary interventions and medication in managing diabetes.
5. The test does not require fasting and can be done at any time of day.

Review Questions

• What does an HbA1c level indicate in terms of blood glucose control?
• How often should a patient with diabetes have their HbA1c levels checked?
• Why is nutrition important for managing HbA1c levels?

Related terms

Glycemic Index: A ranking system for carbohydrates based on their immediate effect on blood glucose levels.

Insulin Resistance: A condition where cells in the body become less responsive to insulin, leading to higher blood sugar levels.

Hypoglycemia: A condition characterized by abnormally low blood sugar levels, often requiring dietary adjustments.