Gray matter

Definition

Gray matter is a key component of the central nervous system, consisting primarily of neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons. It plays a critical role in processing information and executing motor functions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gray matter is abundant in regions of the brain involved in muscle control, sensory perception such as seeing and hearing, memory, emotions, and speech.
2. It is found in the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures like the thalamus and basal ganglia.
3. Nutritional factors such as omega-3 fatty acids are essential for maintaining the integrity and function of gray matter.
4. Deficiencies in certain nutrients like B vitamins can negatively impact gray matter health and cognitive function.
5. A diet rich in antioxidants can help protect gray matter from oxidative stress and inflammation.

Review Questions

• What are the primary components that make up gray matter?
• Which type of dietary nutrients are crucial for maintaining healthy gray matter?
• How does a deficiency in B vitamins affect gray matter?

Related terms

White Matter: Consists mainly of myelinated axons that transmit signals between different parts of the nervous system.

Cerebral Cortex: The outer layer of neural tissue in humans responsible for many higher-order brain functions.

Basal Ganglia: A group of subcortical nuclei involved primarily in motor control and other roles such as cognitive functions.