Fat

Definition

Fat is a macronutrient essential for energy storage, hormone production, and cell structure. It is categorized into saturated, unsaturated, and trans fats based on their chemical structure and health effects.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Fats are crucial for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K.
2. Unsaturated fats are generally considered heart-healthy and can be found in foods like olive oil, nuts, and avocados.
3. Saturated fats are typically found in animal products and can raise LDL cholesterol levels when consumed in excess.
4. Trans fats are industrially produced fats that can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease by raising LDL cholesterol and lowering HDL cholesterol.
5. In patients with renal disease, managing fat intake is important to avoid hyperlipidemia which can exacerbate renal complications.

Review Questions

• What role do fats play in the absorption of vitamins?
• How do saturated and unsaturated fats differ in terms of their impact on heart health?
• Why is it important to manage fat intake in patients with renal disease?

Related terms

Lipid: A broad group of naturally occurring molecules that include fats, waxes, sterols, and fat-soluble vitamins.

Triglyceride: The main form of fat stored in the body; composed of three fatty acids bonded to glycerol.

Cholesterol: A type of lipid that is vital for cell membrane integrity but can contribute to plaque buildup in arteries when levels are too high.