Corpus luteum

Definition

The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine structure in the ovaries that forms after ovulation and produces progesterone, which is essential for maintaining pregnancy. It also secretes smaller amounts of estrogen and other hormones.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The corpus luteum forms from the remnants of the ovarian follicle after the egg is released during ovulation.
2. It primarily functions to produce progesterone, which prepares the uterine lining for potential implantation of an embryo.
3. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates into a structure called the corpus albicans.
4. Adequate nutrition, including sufficient levels of cholesterol and certain vitamins, supports hormone production by the corpus luteum.
5. A malfunctioning or insufficiently formed corpus luteum can lead to menstrual irregularities or difficulties in maintaining early pregnancy.

Review Questions

• What primary hormone is produced by the corpus luteum?
• How does proper nutrition influence the function of the corpus luteum?
• What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization does not occur?

Related terms

Ovulation: The release of an egg from an ovarian follicle into the fallopian tube.

Progesterone: A hormone produced by the corpus luteum that helps prepare and maintain the uterine lining for pregnancy.

Corpus Albicans: The degenerated form of the corpus luteum if fertilization does not occur.