B12

Definition

Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is an essential water-soluble vitamin crucial for red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis. It is primarily found in animal products and requires intrinsic factor for absorption in the small intestine.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to pernicious anemia, characterized by fatigue and neurological issues.
2. Patients with pulmonary diseases may have increased needs for B12 due to impaired oxygen transport.
3. Intrinsic factor produced in the stomach is necessary for B12 absorption; without it, supplementation via injections might be required.
4. B12 is stored in the liver and can last several years before deficiency symptoms appear.
5. Sources of B12 include meat, dairy products, eggs, and fortified cereals; vegans are at higher risk for deficiency.

Review Questions

• What role does intrinsic factor play in the absorption of Vitamin B12?
• Why might patients with pulmonary diseases require more Vitamin B12?
• List three dietary sources of Vitamin B12.

Related terms

Pernicious Anemia: A type of anemia caused by Vitamin B12 deficiency due to lack of intrinsic factor.

Intrinsic Factor: A glycoprotein produced in the stomach essential for the absorption of Vitamin B12.

Cobalamin: Another term for Vitamin B12, necessary for neurological function and red blood cell production.