Aspirin

Definition

Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief, fever reduction, and anti-inflammatory purposes. It also has antiplatelet effects, making it useful for preventing blood clots.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Aspirin inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which decreases the production of thromboxanes and prostaglandins that promote clotting and inflammation.
2. It is often recommended in low doses to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke in individuals with cardiovascular disease.
3. Aspirin can cause gastrointestinal bleeding, especially when taken in high doses or over long periods.
4. Nutritional status can influence aspirin metabolism; deficiencies in vitamins K and C may exacerbate bleeding risks.
5. Patients on aspirin therapy should be monitored for signs of anemia due to its potential to cause gastrointestinal blood loss.

Review Questions

• What enzyme does aspirin inhibit to exert its antiplatelet effects?
• Why might nutritional deficiencies in vitamins K and C be significant for patients taking aspirin?
• What are some potential hematologic side effects of long-term or high-dose aspirin use?

Related terms

NSAID: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used to reduce pain, fever, and inflammation.

Thromboxane: A compound involved in platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction that is inhibited by aspirin.

Anemia: A condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, potentially exacerbated by chronic blood loss from aspirin use.