The Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem (ECDLP) is a mathematical problem involving elliptic curves, which are used in public-key cryptography. Specifically, it requires finding an integer 'k' given two points on the curve, 'P' and 'Q', where 'Q' is the result of adding 'P' to itself 'k' times. ECDLP is foundational for the security of elliptic curve cryptography, as it underpins the difficulty of deriving private keys from public keys in systems like Bitcoin and other secure communications.
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