Quantized Hall conductance refers to the phenomenon observed in two-dimensional electron systems subjected to strong magnetic fields, where the Hall conductance takes on quantized values that are integer or fractional multiples of a fundamental constant. This behavior is a hallmark of the Quantum Hall effect and its fractional counterpart, indicating robust topological states of matter. The quantization arises due to the formation of Landau levels and the precise filling of these levels by electrons, leading to stable plateaus in the Hall conductance as a function of magnetic field or carrier density.
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