Major Third

Definition

A major third is an interval that spans four half steps (or semitones) and is considered one of the most consonant and harmonious intervals in Western music. This interval plays a critical role in building major chords and scales, establishing a sense of brightness and stability. The major third serves as a foundational building block for triads and has significant implications in two-part writing, where harmony and counterpoint can be explored through its use.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The interval of a major third can be found in major scales, where it occurs between the first and third scale degrees.
2. In a C major chord, the notes C, E, and G form a triad, with the interval between C and E being a major third.
3. When constructing triads, the major third is always positioned above the root note, playing a crucial role in defining the chord's character.
4. The major third is often used in two-part writing to create pleasing harmonies and can be layered with other intervals for rich textures.
5. This interval is fundamental in Western music theory and influences melody construction as it establishes tonality and emotional quality.

Review Questions

• How does the major third function within the context of triad construction?
  • In triad construction, the major third is essential for determining the quality of the chord. When building a major triad, the interval between the root note and the third note (the middle note) is a major third, which gives the chord its bright and stable sound. For example, in a C major triad composed of C, E, and G, the distance from C to E creates that major third interval. This structure is fundamental in creating harmony within Western music.
• What role does the major third play in establishing tonality in a scale?
  • The major third plays a pivotal role in establishing tonality within a major scale. It is formed between the first and third degrees of the scale, defining the character of the scale as bright and uplifting. For instance, in the C major scale (C-D-E-F-G-A-B), the interval from C to E is a major third. This interval not only shapes the identity of the scale but also influences melodic movement and harmonic progression throughout compositions.
• Evaluate how utilizing major thirds in two-part writing can affect the overall texture of a composition.
  • Utilizing major thirds in two-part writing significantly enhances the texture and harmonic depth of a composition. When composers incorporate this interval between melodic lines, they create a sense of consonance that contributes to a richer auditory experience. This technique allows for effective layering of harmonies that support counterpoint while maintaining clarity between distinct melodic phrases. By strategically placing major thirds within different parts, composers can evoke specific emotions and achieve dynamic contrasts throughout their music.

Related terms

Minor Third: An interval that spans three half steps, often perceived as darker or more melancholic compared to the major third.

Triad: A three-note chord formed by stacking thirds, with major and minor thirds being essential for determining the chord's quality.

Counterpoint: The art of combining distinct melodic lines while maintaining harmonic coherence, where intervals like the major third contribute to the overall texture.