Near-coincident pair

Definition

A near-coincident pair is a stereo miking technique where two microphones are positioned closely together, usually within a few inches, to capture sound from a source in a way that creates a sense of depth and space. This method allows for a stereo image with improved clarity and detail while minimizing phase issues, which can occur when microphones are spaced too far apart. By using a near-coincident pair, sound engineers can achieve a more natural and immersive listening experience.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Near-coincident pairs often use cardioid or supercardioid microphones to effectively capture sound while rejecting unwanted background noise.
2. This technique helps create a balanced stereo image by providing depth and localization without introducing significant phase issues.
3. When setting up a near-coincident pair, the distance between the microphones should be minimal—usually no more than 6 inches—to maintain coherence in the audio signal.
4. The angle of the microphones can be adjusted to fine-tune the stereo spread, allowing for more control over the sound field.
5. Using a near-coincident pair can be particularly effective for recording instruments like pianos, strings, and drum kits where depth and clarity are desired.

Review Questions

• How does the placement of microphones in a near-coincident pair contribute to achieving a coherent stereo image?
  • The placement of microphones in a near-coincident pair ensures that they are close enough to capture sound from the same source without significant time delay between the signals. This proximity minimizes phase issues, allowing for a clearer and more cohesive stereo image. By adjusting the angle and distance between the microphones, sound engineers can enhance spatial perception while maintaining audio integrity.
• What are some common applications for using a near-coincident pair in recording situations, and why is this technique preferred over others?
  • Near-coincident pairs are commonly used in recording scenarios such as orchestral music, acoustic instruments, and live performances. This technique is preferred because it captures a rich and detailed stereo image while minimizing background noise and phase cancellation. The close placement of microphones allows for an accurate representation of the sound source's spatial characteristics, making it ideal for creating immersive listening experiences.
• Evaluate the impact of using different microphone types within a near-coincident pair setup on the overall recording quality.
  • Using different microphone types within a near-coincident pair setup can significantly impact recording quality by altering tonal balance and capturing characteristics. For example, combining a cardioid microphone with a supercardioid can introduce varying pickup patterns that affect how sound from different directions is captured. This diversity can enhance the stereo image but may also require careful attention to phase alignment to avoid interference. Understanding these nuances allows sound engineers to make informed decisions about microphone selection to achieve the desired sonic result.

Related terms

XY configuration: A stereo miking technique where two cardioid microphones are placed at 90 degrees to each other, with their capsules as close together as possible, creating a compact and phase-coherent stereo image.

ORTF technique: A stereo miking method that utilizes two cardioid microphones spaced 17 cm apart and angled at 110 degrees to simulate the natural spacing of human ears, resulting in a more spacious stereo field.

phase cancellation: The phenomenon that occurs when two audio signals that are out of sync with each other interfere with each other, leading to a reduction in sound quality or loss of certain frequencies.