A surface normal is a vector that is perpendicular to a surface at a given point, representing the direction in which the surface faces. This concept is crucial in fields such as physics and computer graphics, as it helps define how light interacts with surfaces and how forces are applied. In multivariable calculus, understanding surface normals is key for applying various theorems, including Stokes' Theorem, which relates surface integrals to line integrals.
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