Helmholtz Free Energy is a thermodynamic potential that measures the useful work obtainable from a closed thermodynamic system at constant temperature and volume. It is defined mathematically as $$F = U - TS$$, where $U$ is the internal energy, $T$ is the absolute temperature, and $S$ is the entropy of the system. This potential is crucial for understanding equilibrium conditions in systems where temperature and volume remain constant, allowing for predictions about spontaneous processes and chemical reactions.
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