Fick's Second Law describes how the concentration of a substance changes over time due to diffusion. It establishes that the rate of change of concentration at a point is proportional to the second spatial derivative of concentration, which indicates that diffusion will result in the gradual smoothing out of concentration differences. This law connects closely to various transport properties, explaining how substances move within mediums under concentration gradients, affecting processes like diffusion, viscosity, and thermal conductivity.
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