Form Follows Function

Definition

Form follows function is a design principle that emphasizes that the shape of a building or object should primarily relate to its intended purpose or function. This idea became a cornerstone of Modern Architecture, highlighting the belief that aesthetic beauty should derive from the functional aspects of a structure, rather than from ornamentation or superficial design elements.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The phrase 'form follows function' is often attributed to architect Louis Sullivan, who believed that a building's design should be dictated by its purpose.
2. This principle was instrumental in the development of early skyscrapers, where structural integrity and practical use were prioritized over decorative elements.
3. Architects like Frank Lloyd Wright incorporated this idea into their designs by creating buildings that harmonized with their environments and reflected their intended use.
4. The Bauhaus school expanded on this concept by integrating art, craft, and technology to produce functional designs that still considered aesthetic value.
5. In the post-World War II era, form follows function continued to influence architectural practice, leading to the creation of minimalist designs focused on practicality and simplicity.

Review Questions

• How did the principle of form follows function influence the design of early skyscrapers?
  • The principle of form follows function greatly influenced early skyscraper design by emphasizing structural integrity and utility over decorative elements. Architects like Louis Sullivan advocated for designs that expressed the building's purpose, resulting in taller structures with open floor plans that catered to commercial needs. The focus on functionality allowed for innovations in materials and engineering, paving the way for the modern skyline we see today.
• In what ways did Frank Lloyd Wright's design philosophy embody the principle of form follows function?
  • Frank Lloyd Wright's design philosophy embodied form follows function through his commitment to organic architecture, where structures were designed to blend harmoniously with their surroundings. He believed that a building's form should reflect its purpose and context, as seen in his designs like Fallingwater. This approach not only prioritized functionality but also considered how people interacted with spaces, promoting a seamless connection between nature and the built environment.
• Evaluate the impact of Bauhaus principles on contemporary architecture regarding form follows function.
  • The Bauhaus principles had a profound impact on contemporary architecture by reinforcing the idea that form follows function should be central to design. The school's emphasis on merging art with technology encouraged architects to prioritize utility while still creating visually appealing forms. This legacy can be seen today in minimalist architecture, where efficient use of space and materials reflects both practical needs and aesthetic considerations, shaping how modern buildings are conceived and constructed.

Related terms

Functionalism: A philosophical approach in architecture that focuses on the practical use of a building or object, asserting that design should prioritize utility and efficiency.

Modernism: An artistic and architectural movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, characterized by a break from traditional styles and an embrace of new technologies and materials.

Streamlining: A design approach aimed at improving efficiency and reducing resistance by creating smooth, flowing forms, often associated with modernist architecture and product design.