Father of English Literature

Definition

The title 'Father of English Literature' is commonly attributed to Geoffrey Chaucer, who played a crucial role in establishing the English vernacular as a literary language during the Middle Ages. His works, especially 'The Canterbury Tales', set a foundation for narrative poetry and the exploration of human experiences, influencing countless writers and the development of English literature as a whole.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chaucer was one of the first major poets to write in Middle English, moving away from the dominance of French and Latin in literature.
2. His use of humor and irony in 'The Canterbury Tales' allowed him to critique social norms and human behavior effectively.
3. Chaucer's writings introduced a wide array of characters from various social backgrounds, making his works relatable and rich in perspective.
4. He was a pioneer in developing the narrative structure of stories within stories, a technique that has influenced storytelling in literature ever since.
5. Chaucer's blending of genres—including romance, fabliau, and allegory—helped shape the diversity of themes and styles in English literature.

Review Questions

• How did Chaucer's choice to write in the vernacular impact the accessibility and popularity of literature during his time?
  • By choosing to write in Middle English rather than Latin or French, Chaucer made literature accessible to a broader audience. This decision helped shift literary culture towards embracing English as a legitimate language for artistic expression. As more people could read and relate to his works, it fostered a growing appreciation for English literature, paving the way for future writers to follow suit.
• What are some key themes presented in 'The Canterbury Tales' that reflect Chaucer's view of society?
  • 'The Canterbury Tales' features themes such as social class, morality, and the complexity of human nature. Through its diverse characters—from the noble knight to the witty wife—Chaucer critiques societal norms and exposes the flaws within various social classes. His nuanced portrayal invites readers to reflect on their own experiences and the moral lessons conveyed through each tale.
• Evaluate Chaucer's lasting impact on English literature and how his work influenced later literary movements.
  • Chaucer's impact on English literature is profound, as he established a tradition of storytelling that emphasized character development and social commentary. His pioneering use of the vernacular encouraged subsequent writers like Shakespeare and Milton to further explore English as a literary language. Moreover, Chaucer's narrative techniques and thematic explorations laid groundwork for later literary movements such as realism and the Renaissance, ensuring that his influence resonates through centuries.

Related terms

Vernacular: The everyday language spoken by people in a particular region, which Chaucer used in his writings to make literature more accessible.

Canterbury Tales: A collection of stories written by Chaucer, showcasing a diverse range of characters and social classes, reflecting the society of his time.

Allegory: A narrative that conveys deeper moral or spiritual meanings, which Chaucer employed in some of his works to illustrate complex ideas.