C-text

Definition

The c-text refers to one of the three versions of the poem 'Piers Plowman' by William Langland, specifically the third and final version completed around 1377. This version is significant because it encapsulates the author's evolving views and enhances the poem's theological and social themes, providing a clearer structure compared to its predecessors.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The c-text is notable for its clearer organization and thematic focus compared to the earlier a-text and b-text versions.
2. In this version, Langland incorporates more explicit social commentary, addressing issues of class, justice, and moral responsibility.
3. The c-text includes additional allegorical figures that enhance the exploration of Christian virtues and vices.
4. This version emphasizes the role of Piers as a Christ-like figure, connecting themes of labor, spirituality, and redemption.
5. Many scholars believe the c-text reflects Langland's response to contemporary social issues in 14th-century England, making it a pivotal work in Middle English literature.

Review Questions

• How does the c-text of 'Piers Plowman' differ from the a-text in terms of structure and themes?
  • The c-text of 'Piers Plowman' offers a more organized structure than the a-text, providing clearer thematic development throughout the poem. While the a-text presents ideas in a more fragmented manner, the c-text integrates those themes more cohesively, focusing on social justice, morality, and the responsibilities of individuals within society. This structured approach allows readers to engage more deeply with Langland's evolving views on these important issues.
• What are some of the key social themes addressed in the c-text, and how do they reflect Langland's historical context?
  • The c-text addresses several key social themes such as class disparity, justice, and moral responsibility. These themes reflect Langland's historical context in 14th-century England, a time marked by social upheaval and economic challenges following the Black Death. Through characters and allegorical figures, Langland critiques the failures of society to uphold justice and encourages readers to consider their roles in creating a more equitable world.
• Evaluate the significance of the allegorical figures introduced in the c-text and their impact on the poem's overall message.
  • The allegorical figures introduced in the c-text significantly enhance the poem's exploration of Christian virtues and vices. By embodying concepts such as Truth and Lady Holy Church, these figures provide a framework for understanding complex moral questions within a medieval context. The presence of these characters deepens the reader's engagement with themes like labor ethics and spiritual redemption, ultimately reinforcing Langland's message about individual responsibility in striving for social justice and moral integrity.

Related terms

a-text: The earliest version of 'Piers Plowman,' composed in the late 14th century, which serves as the foundation for the later revisions.

b-text: The second version of 'Piers Plowman,' which includes many revisions and expansions made by Langland, bridging the gap between the a-text and c-text.

Allegory: A literary device used in 'Piers Plowman' where characters and events symbolize deeper moral and spiritual meanings, allowing for exploration of complex themes.