Triacylglycerol

Definition

Triacylglycerol is a type of lipid molecule made up of three fatty acids linked to a glycerol backbone. It serves as a major form of energy storage in many organisms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Triacylglycerols are the primary component of body fat in animals and humans.
2. In microbial cells, triacylglycerols can be broken down by lipases to release fatty acids for energy production.
3. They are hydrophobic molecules and thus insoluble in water, requiring emulsification for digestion.
4. Triacylglycerols can be synthesized through a process called esterification, where fatty acids are attached to glycerol.
5. The structure of triacylglycerols allows them to store more energy per gram compared to carbohydrates or proteins.

Review Questions

• What are the main components that make up a triacylglycerol molecule?
• How do microorganisms utilize triacylglycerols for energy?
• Why are triacylglycerols considered efficient molecules for energy storage?

Related terms

Lipase: An enzyme that breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.

Glycerol: A three-carbon alcohol that forms the backbone of triglycerides.

Esterification: A chemical reaction that forms an ester bond between an acid and an alcohol, such as in the formation of triacylglycerols.