Translocation

Definition

Translocation is the process by which a ribosome moves along mRNA during protein synthesis. It is crucial for the elongation phase of translation.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Translocation involves the movement of the ribosome three nucleotides along the mRNA.
2. During translocation, tRNAs move from the A site to the P site and then to the E site of the ribosome.
3. Antibiotics like erythromycin and tetracycline inhibit translocation, disrupting bacterial protein synthesis.
4. This process requires energy in the form of GTP hydrolysis.
5. Elongation factors, such as EF-G in prokaryotes, play a crucial role in facilitating translocation.

Review Questions

• What role does GTP hydrolysis play in translocation?
• Name two antibiotics that inhibit translocation and describe their mechanism of action.
• How do elongation factors assist in the process of translocation?

Related terms

Translation: The overall process by which proteins are synthesized from mRNA.

Ribosome: A molecular complex that facilitates protein synthesis by translating mRNA into polypeptides.

Elongation Factors: Proteins that assist in various steps of translation elongation, including translocation.