Tartar

Definition

Tartar, also known as dental calculus, is a hardened form of plaque that develops on teeth and below the gumline. It provides a surface for further plaque accumulation and can lead to periodontal disease.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Tartar forms when dental plaque mineralizes over time, typically within 24 to 72 hours if not removed.
2. It can only be removed by professional dental cleaning; regular brushing and flossing cannot eliminate tartar once it has formed.
3. Tartar accumulation can cause gingivitis, an early form of gum disease characterized by inflammation and bleeding of the gums.
4. The rough surface of tartar provides an ideal environment for additional bacterial growth, exacerbating oral health issues.
5. Presence of tartar is associated with bad breath (halitosis) due to the bacteria trapped in it producing volatile sulfur compounds.

Review Questions

• What process leads to the formation of tartar on teeth?
• Why can't regular brushing and flossing remove tartar once it has formed?
• How does tartar contribute to the development of gingivitis?

Related terms

Plaque: A soft, sticky film composed of bacteria that forms on teeth surfaces.

Gingivitis: An early stage of gum disease characterized by inflammation and bleeding of the gums.

Periodontal Disease: A severe gum infection that damages gums and can destroy the jawbone if untreated.